Before using a CNC machine tool, it is necessary to carefully read the machine tool manual and other relevant materials in order to operate the machine tool correctly, and pay attention to the following points:

(1) Machine tool operators and maintenance personnel must be professionals who have mastered the corresponding professional knowledge of machine tools or have undergone technical training, and operate machine tools in accordance with safety operating procedures and safety operating regulations;

(2) Non professionals are not allowed to open the electrical cabinet door. Before opening the electrical cabinet door, it is necessary to confirm that the main power switch of the machine tool has been turned off. Only professional maintenance personnel are allowed to open the cabinet door for power on maintenance;

(3) Except for some parameters that are available for users to use and can be modified, users cannot modify other system parameters, spindle parameters, servo parameters, etc. without authorization, otherwise it will cause equipment, workpiece, personal injury, etc. to the operator;

(4) After modifying the parameters, during machining, the machine tool is locked and operated in a single program segment without installing cutting tools or workpieces. After confirming that the machine tool is normal, it can be used again;

(5) The PLC program of the machine tool is designed by the machine tool manufacturer according to the needs of the machine tool and does not need to be modified. Incorrect modifications and operation of the machine tool may cause damage to the machine tool and even harm the operator;

(6) It is recommended that the machine tool run continuously for 24 hours. If the continuous running time is too long, it will affect the life of the electrical system and some mechanical components, thereby affecting the accuracy of the machine tool;

(7) All connectors, joints, etc. of the machine tool are not allowed to be pulled or inserted with electricity, otherwise it will cause serious consequences.

Maintenance of CNC machine tools

The CNC system is the core component of CNC machine tools, therefore, the maintenance of CNC machine tools mainly involves the maintenance of the CNC system. After a long period of use, the performance of electronic components in CNC systems may age or even be damaged. Some mechanical parts

This is especially true for components. In order to prolong the lifespan and wear cycle of components as much as possible, and prevent various failures, especially malignant accidents, it is necessary to perform daily maintenance on the CNC system. In summary, attention should be paid to the following aspects.

1. Develop rules and regulations for daily maintenance of CNC systems

Determine respective maintenance regulations based on the characteristics of various components. As specified in the text, which areas need to be cleaned daily (such as the input/output unit of the CNC system - photoelectric reader cleaning, checking whether the mechanical structure is well lubricated, etc.), and which components need to be regularly inspected or replaced (such as the DC servo motor brush and commutator should be checked once a month).

2. It is advisable to minimize the opening of doors for CNC cabinets and high-voltage cabinets

Because the air in machining workshops generally contains oil mist, dust, and even metal powder. Once they fall on the printed circuit or electrical components within the CNC system, it can easily cause a decrease in insulation resistance between the components, and even lead to the breakdown of the components

Damage to components and printed circuits. Some users open the doors of the CNC cabinet to dissipate heat in order to overload the CNC system for a long time in summer, which is an undesirable method and can lead to accelerated damage to the CNC system. correct

The method is to reduce the external environmental temperature of the CNC system. Therefore, there should be a strict regulation that unless necessary adjustments and repairs are made, it is not allowed to open the cabinet door casually, let alone open it during use.

3. Regularly clean the cooling and ventilation system of the data control cabinet

It is necessary to check the normal operation of each cooling fan on the CNC system cabinet every day. Depending on the working environment, the air duct filter should be checked for blockage every six months or every quarter. If there is too much dust accumulation on the filter screen, it needs to be cleaned in time, otherwise it will cause high temperature inside the CNC system cabinet (generally not allowed to exceed 55 ℃), resulting in overheating alarm or unreliable operation of the CNC system.

4. Regularly monitor the grid voltage used by the CNC system

The CNC system produced by FANUC allows the grid voltage to fluctuate within the range of 85% to 110% of the rated value. If it exceeds this range, it will cause the system to malfunction and even damage the internal electronic components of the CNC system.

5. Regularly replace the storage battery

There are two types of memory in the CNC system produced by FANUC company:

(1) Magnetic bubble memory that does not require battery retention.

(2) CMOS that requires battery retention

RAM devices are equipped with rechargeable battery maintenance circuits to maintain stored content during periods when the CNC system is not powered on. When the CNC system is powered on, a+5V power supply is connected to the CMOS through a diode

RAM power supply and charging of rechargeable batteries; When the CNC system cuts off the power, it switches to battery power to maintain CMOS

The information in RAM should generally be replaced once a year, even if the battery has not yet failed, to ensure that the system can function properly. Additionally, it is important to note that battery replacement should be carried out while the CNC system is powered on.

6. Maintenance of CNC system when not in use for a long time

To improve the utilization rate of the CNC system and reduce its failures, CNC machine tools should be used at full capacity instead of being idle for a long time. When the CNC system is idle for a long time due to certain reasons, in order to avoid damage to the CNC system, the following two points should be noted:

(1) Regularly power on the CNC system, especially during the rainy season when the humidity is high. When the machine tool is locked and not moving (i.e. when the servo motor is not running), let the CNC system run empty. Utilizing the heat generated by electrical components themselves to dissipate moisture within the CNC system, ensuring stable and reliable performance of electronic components. Practice has proven that frequent power on is an effective measure to reduce failure rates in areas with high air humidity.

(2) For CNC machine tools that use DC feed servo drive and DC spindle servo drive, the electric brush should be removed from the DC motor to avoid corrosion of the commutator surface due to chemical corrosion, resulting in poor commutation performance and even damage to the entire motor.